Definitions

Greenhouse gas emissions

GHG emissions refer to all emissions that have a warming effect on the earth’s surface by trapping heat in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) makes up the vast majority of GHG emissions, but other gases, including methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆), also have a warming effect. CO₂, methane and nitrous oxide are released during the combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas, to produce energy. At ABB, we use the metric of CO₂-equivalent (CO₂e) to calculate our GHG emissions and to measure progress toward our emissions reduction targets.

Scope 1 GHG emissions

Direct emissions from company-owned and controlled resources, for example, emissions from combustion in owned or controlled boilers, furnaces, vehicles, etc.

Scope 2 GHG emissions

Indirect emissions from the generation of purchased energy (electricity, steam, heat, cooling) from a utility provider.

Scope 3 GHG emissions

All other indirect emissions not included in scope 2 that occur in the value chain, both upstream and downstream. According to the GHG protocol, scope 3 emissions are separated into 15 categories and include, for example, purchased goods and services, business travel and commuting, and use of sold products.

Caution concerning forward-looking statements

The ABB Sustainability Report 2022 includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on current expectations, estimates and projections about the factors that may affect our future performance, including global economic conditions as well as the economic conditions of the regions and the industries that are major markets for ABB. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue,” “target,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect”, “plan” and similar words and the express or implied discussion of strategy, plans or intentions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward- looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including among other things, the following: (i) business risks related to the global volatile economic environment; (ii) costs associated with compliance activities; (iii) difficulties encountered in operating in emerging markets; (iv) risks inherent in large, long term projects served by parts of our business; (v) the timely development of new products, technologies, and services that are useful for our customers; (vi) our ability to anticipate and react to technological change and evolving industry standards in the markets in which we operate; (vii) changes in interest rates and fluctuations in currency exchange rates; (viii) changes in raw materials prices or limitations of supplies of raw materials; (ix) the weakening or unavailability of our intellectual property rights; (x) industry consolidation resulting in more powerful competitors and fewer customers; (xi) effects of competition and changes in economic and market conditions in the product markets and geographic areas in which we operate; (xii) effects of, and changes in, laws, regulations, governmental policies, taxation, or accounting standards and practices and (xiii) other factors described in documents that we may furnish from time to time with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Annual Reports on Form 20-F. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance that they will be achieved. We undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements because of new information, future events or otherwise. In light of these risks and uncertainties, the forward-looking information, events and circumstances might not occur. Our actual results and performance could differ substantially from those anticipated in our forward-looking statements.